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Linux下apache,tomcat负载均衡配置

1.操作系统
RedHat Linux 9.0

2.所需软件
Apache 2.0.54
http://apache.freelamp.com/httpd
下载该文件httpd-2.0.54.tar.gz

Tomcat5.5.9
http://apache.justdn.org/jakarta/tomcat-5/v5.5.9/bin/
下载该文件jakarta-tomcat-5.5.9.tar.gz

Mod_jk 1.2.14
http://apache.justdn.org/jakarta/tomcat-connectors/jk/source/jk-1.2.14/
下载该文件jakarta-tomcat-connectors-1.2.14-src.tar.gz

Jdk 1_5_0_04
http://java.sun.com/j2se/1.5.0/download.jsp
下载该文件jdk-1_5_0_04-linux-i586-rpm.bin
下载时将所需软件包文件保存在/usr/local目录下

3.安装步骤

A 安装JDK
# cd /usr/local/
# chmod +x jdk-1_5_0_04-linux-i586-rpm.bin
# ./jdk-1.5.0_04-linux-i586-rpm.bin
# cd /usr/java/
# ln -s /usr/java/jdk-1_5_0_04 /usr/local/java
# vi /etc/profile
#

添加如下内容

JAVA_HOME=/usr/java/jdk-1_5_0_04
CLASSPATH=/usr/java/jdk-1_5_0_04/lib/dt.jar:/usr/java/jdk-1_5_0_04/lib/tools.jar
PATH=/usr/java/jdk-1_5_0_04/bin:$PATH
export PATH JAVA_HOME CLASSPATH

B 安装Apache

# cd /usr/local/
# tar xvfz httpd-2.0.54.tar.gz
# cd httpd-2.0.54
# ./configure --prefix=/usr/local/apache --enable-module=so
# make
# make install
# cd /usr/local/apache/conf
# vi ./httpd.conf

将Listen 80 修改为Listen 127.0.0.1:80　(219行）
将ServerName 修改为ServerName LocalHost:80 (291行）

在DirectoryIndex中添加 index.jsp （394行）
# cd /usr/local/apache/bin/
# ./apachectl configtest

显示Syntax ok则表明安装成功

#./apachectl start

启动apache服务，浏览器中访问本机80端口，查看端口是否正常，输入127.0.0.1：80

# ./apachectl stop

关闭服务

备注：prefix定义apache的安装路径

C安装Tomcat

# cd /usr/local/
# tar xvfz jakarta-tomcat-5.5.9.tar.gz
# ln ?s /usr/local/jakarta-tomcat-5.5.9　/usr/local/tomcat
# vi /usr/local/tomcat/bin/catalina.sh

第46行加入此句
JAVA_HOME=/usr/java/jdk-1_5_0_04

启动服务后，访问本机8080端口，查看端口是否正常（输入127.0.0.1：8080）

# /usr/local/tomcat/bin/startup.sh /startup.bat

关闭服务

# /usr/local/tomcat/bin/shutdown.sh /shutdown.bat

D 安装JK

# cd /usr/local/
# tar xzvf jakarta-tomcat-connectors-1.2.14-src.tar.gz
# cd jakarta-tomcat-connectors-1.2.14-src/jk/native
# chmod 755 buildconf.sh
# ./buildconf.sh
# ./configure --with-apxs=/usr/local/apache/bin/apxs
# make
# make install
# cd /usr/local/jakarta-tomcat-connectors-jk1.2.14-src/jk/native/apache-2.0/
# cp mod_jk.so /usr/local/apache/modules/

E 系统整合

# vi /usr/local/apache/conf/httpd.conf

在文件最末尾加上如下语句

#Load mod_jk
LoadModule jk_module modules/mod_jk.so
# Configure mod_jk
JkWorkersFile conf/workers.properties
JkLogFile logs/mod_jk.log
JkLogLevel info
JkMount /*.jsp loadbalancer
JkMount /servlet/* loadbalancer
JkMount /application/* loadbalancer

#vi /usr/local/apache/conf/workers.properties

添加下列语句

#
# workers.properties
#
# In Unix, we use forward slashes:
ps=/
# list the workers by name
worker.list=tomcat1, tomcat2, loadbalancer
# ------------------------
# First tomcat server
# ------------------------
worker.tomcat1.port=8009
worker.tomcat1.host=127.0.0.1
worker.tomcat1.type=ajp13

# Specify the size of the open connection cache.
#worker.tomcat1.cachesize
#
# Specifies the load balance factor when used with
# a load balancing worker.
# Note:
# ----> lbfactor must be > 0
# ----> Low lbfactor means less work done by the worker.
worker.tomcat1.lbfactor=100

# ------------------------
# Second tomcat server
# ------------------------

worker.tomcat2.port=8009
worker.tomcat2.host=192.168.1.34
worker.tomcat2.type=ajp13

# Specify the size of the open connection cache.
#worker.tomcat2.cachesize
#
# Specifies the load balance factor when used with
# a load balancing worker.
# Note:
# ----> lbfactor must be > 0
# ----> Low lbfactor means less work done by the worker.
worker.tomcat2.lbfactor=100

# ------------------------
# Load Balancer worker
# ------------------------
# The loadbalancer (type lb) worker performs weighted round-robin
# load balancing with sticky sessions.
# Note:
# ----> If a worker dies, the load balancer will check its state
# once in a while. Until then all work is redirected to peer
# worker.

worker.loadbalancer.type=lb
worker.loadbalancer.balanced_workers=tomcat1, tomcat2

#
# END workers.properties
#

#vi /usr/local/tomcat/conf/server.xml

<Connector　port="8009"
protocolHandlerClassName="org.apache.jk.server.JkCoyoteHandler"
redirectPort="8443" protocol="AJP/1.3" />　 第101行

在119行左右加入如下语句（去注释）

<Engine name="Standalone" defaultHost="localhost" jvmRoute="tomcat1"></Engine>

若第二台tomcat，将jvmRoute的修改为tomcat2系统整合完毕

启动apache和tomcat服务
# /usr/local/apache/bin/apachectl start
# /usr/local/tomcat/bin/catalina.sh start

将如下内容添加至/etc/rc.d/rc.local文件末尾以便系统启动后开启apache,tomcat服务
#vi /etc/rc.d/rc.local
添加
/usr/local/tomcat/bin/catalina.sh start
/usr/local/apache/bin/apachectl start