作者归档：flyinweb

7 Patch Command Examples to Apply Diff Patch Files in Linux

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When there is a security fix available for a particular software, we typically do a binary upgrade using the package management tools like yum or apt-get.

But, there might be situation where you have installed a software by compiling it from the source code.

In those situation, how do you apply the security fix to the software?

The answer is to download the security patch and apply it to the original source code and re-compile the software.

This tutorial explains how to create a patch file using diff, and apply it using patch command.

A patch file is a text file which contains the differences between two versions of the same file (or same source-tree). Patch file is created by using diff command. 继续阅读 →

diff和patch使用指南

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diff和patch是一对工具，在数学上来说，diff是对两个集合的差运算，patch是对两个集合的和运算。
diff比较两个文件或文件集合的差异，并记录下来，生成一个diff文件，这也是我们常说的patch文件，即补丁文件。
patch能将diff文件运用于 原来的两个集合之一，从而得到另一个集合。举个例子来说文件A和文件B,经过diff之后生成了补丁文件C,那么着个过程相当于 A -B = C ,那么patch的过程就是B+C = A 或A-C =B。
因此我们只要能得到A, B, C三个文件中的任何两个，就能用diff和patch这对工具生成另外一个文件。

这就是diff和patch的妙处。下面分别介绍一下两个工具的用法。 继续阅读 →

PowerShell 远程执行任务

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基础

MS 定义了一个叫做 WS-Management 的协议，这个协议为计算机设备远程交换管理数据提供了一个公开的标准。在 Windows 平台上，MS 通过 Windows 远程管理服务(Windows Remote Management service，简称 WinRM) 实现了 WS-Management 协议。这就是我们可以通过 PowerShell 执行远程操作的基础，因为 PowerShell 就是通过 WinRM 服务来进行远程操作的。 继续阅读 →

How to Convert Certificate Encodings (DER, JKS, PEM) for TLS/SSL Clients and Services

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Client and server processes require specific certificate and keystore file formats. For example, when configured for TLS Level 2, Cloudera Manager Server requires a Java KeyStore (JKS) formatted truststore and certificate to present to requesting Cloudera Manager Agent hosts. The Hue client also connects to Cloudera Manager Server, but Hue requires a PEM-formatted certificate.

Certificates issued by a CA in one format (encoding) can be used to create certificates in a different format using Java Keytool and OpenSSL as detailed below. 继续阅读 →

Lynis：面向Linux系统的安全审查和扫描工具

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Lynis是一款功能非常强大的开源审查工具，面向类似Unix/Linux的操作系统。它可以扫描系统，查找安全信息、一般的系统信息、已安装软件及可用软件信息、配置错误、安全问题、没有设密码的用户帐户、错误的文件许可权限以及防火墙审查等。

Lynis是一款功能非常强大的开源审查工具，面向类似Unix/Linux的操作系统。它可以扫描系统，查找安全信息、一般的系统信息、已安装软件及可用软件信息、配置错误、安全问题、没有设密码的用户帐户、错误的文件许可权限以及防火墙审查等。

Lynis 2.2.0 ：面向Linux系统的安全审查和扫描工具

Lynis是最可靠的自动化审查工具之一，可用于基于Unix/Linux的系统中的软件补丁管理、恶意软件扫描和安全漏洞检测。这款工具适用于审查人员、网络及系统管理员、安全专家和渗透测试人员。

经过几个月开发后，现在发布了一个新的主要升级版：Lynis 2.2.0，它随带一些新的功能和测试以及许多小的改进之处。我鼓励所有Linux用户测试并升级到Lynis的这个最新版本。

我们在本文中将介绍在Linux系统中如何使用tarball源文件安装Lynis 2.2.0(Linux审查工具)。 继续阅读 →

Nginx配置WebService、MySQL、SQL Server、ORACLE等代理

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nginx配置webservice

#user  nobody;
worker_processes  4;

#error_log  logs/error.log;
#error_log  logs/error.log  notice;
#error_log  logs/error.log  info;

#pid        logs/nginx.pid;


events {
    worker_connections  1024;
}


http {
    include       mime.types;
    default_type  application/octet-stream;

    log_format  main  '$remote_addr - $remote_user [$time_local] "$request" '
                      '$status $body_bytes_sent "$http_referer" '
                      '"$http_user_agent" "$http_x_forwarded_for"';

    #access_log  logs/access.log  main;

    sendfile        on;
    #tcp_nopush     on;

    #keepalive_timeout  0;
    keepalive_timeout  65;

    upstream esbServer {   
        server 127.0.0.1:8083 weight=1 max_fails=2 fail_timeout=30s;   
    }

    #gzip  on;

    server {
        listen       8081;
        server_name  localhost;

        #charset koi8-r;

        #access_log  logs/host.access.log  main;

        location /ladder_web {
            proxy_set_header X-real-ip $remote_addr;
            proxy_pass http://esbServer;
        }

       
    }

}

nginx 配置mysql代理 — 基于nginx1.9以上 stream module 继续阅读 →

理解 Python 装饰器

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讲 Python 装饰器前，我想先举个例子，虽有点污，但跟装饰器这个话题很贴切。

每个人都有的内裤主要功能是用来遮羞，但是到了冬天它没法为我们防风御寒，咋办？我们想到的一个办法就是把内裤改造一下，让它变得更厚更长，这样一来，它不仅有遮羞功能，还能提供保暖，不过有个问题，这个内裤被我们改造成了长裤后，虽然还有遮羞功能，但本质上它不再是一条真正的内裤了。于是聪明的人们发明长裤，在不影响内裤的前提下，直接把长裤套在了内裤外面，这样内裤还是内裤，有了长裤后宝宝再也不冷了。装饰器就像我们这里说的长裤，在不影响内裤作用的前提下，给我们的身子提供了保暖的功效。 继续阅读 →

Command Line-Version (SetACL.exe) – Syntax and Description

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For a quick start, tell SetACL the following:

  • Object name (-on): This is the path to the object SetACL should operate on (file/directory/registry key/network share/service/printer).
  • Object type (-ot): What kind of object does the object name refer to: file or directory (file), registry key (reg), service (srv), printer (prn), network share (shr)?
  • Action (-actn): What should SetACL do with the object specified?

Example:

SetACL.exe -on c:\Windows -ot file -actn list

SetACL.exe -on c:\Windows -ot file -actn list

This lists the permissions set on the Windows directory in the default list format (CSV).

Have a look at the examples section to get an idea what more complex commands look like. 继续阅读 →

Makefiles Tutorial

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GNU Make is key utility in building applications.It is available on any operating systems. Its main purpose is to determine automatically which pieces of a program need to be recompiled, and issue the commands to build them

While working with open source project, Make is the common tool because almost any IDE can work with it. Make is a very powerful tool – in one command you can issue a series of tasks and working with it can make developers life easier. 继续阅读 →

CentOS / RHEL 7 : How to disable IPv6

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https://wiki.centos.org/FAQ/CentOS7

Upstream employee Daniel Walsh recommends not disabling the ipv6 module, as that can cause issues with SELinux and other components, but adding the following to /etc/sysctl.conf: 

net.ipv6.conf.all.disable_ipv6 = 1
net.ipv6.conf.default.disable_ipv6 = 1

To disable in the running system: 

echo 1 > /proc/sys/net/ipv6/conf/all/disable_ipv6
echo 1 > /proc/sys/net/ipv6/conf/default/disable_ipv6

or 

sysctl -w net.ipv6.conf.all.disable_ipv6=1
sysctl -w net.ipv6.conf.default.disable_ipv6=1

Additional note #1: If problems with X forwarding are encountered on systems with IPv6 disabled, edit /etc/ssh/sshd_config and make either of the following changes:

(1) Change the line 

#AddressFamily any

to 

AddressFamily inet

(inet is ipv4 only; inet6 is ipv6 only)

or

(2) Remove the hash mark (#) in front of the line 

#ListenAddress 0.0.0.0

Then restart ssh.

Additional note #2: If problems with starting postfix are encountered on systems with IPv6 disabled, either

(1) edit /etc/postfix/main.cf and comment out the localhost part of the config and use ipv4 loopback. 

#inet_interfaces = localhost
inet_interfaces = 127.0.0.1

or

(2) take out the ipv6 localhost from /etc/hosts .

Additional Note #3 : To disable RPCBIND ipv6 (rpcbind, rpc.mountd, prc.statd) remark out the udp6 and tcp6 lines in /etc/netconfig: 

udp        tpi_clts      v     inet     udp     -       -
tcp        tpi_cots_ord  v     inet     tcp     -       -
#udp6       tpi_clts      v     inet6    udp     -       -
#tcp6       tpi_cots_ord  v     inet6    tcp     -       -
rawip      tpi_raw       -     inet      -      -       -
local      tpi_cots_ord  -     loopback  -      -       -
unix       tpi_cots_ord  -     loopback  -      -       -

继续阅读 →